Sarah Schulman on oppression, power, and punishment

Cantalloc subterranean aqueducts, Nazca, Peru. Source: Diego Delso. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.

“Just as unresolved, formerly subordinated or traumatized individuals can collude with or identify with bullies, so can unresolved, formerly subordinated or traumatized groups of people identify with the supremacy of the state. In both cases, the lack of recognition that the past is not the present leads to the newly acquired power to punish rather than to the self-transformation necessary to resolve conflict and produce justice.”

from Schulman, S. (2016). Conflict is not abuse: Overstating harm, community responsibility, and the duty of repair. Arsenal Pulp Press.

Krista Tippett on hope

Running the bluffs over Poplar Beach, Half Moon Bay, California. © Matthew Sholler.

“I talk about hope being a muscle. It’s not wishful thinking, and it’s not idealism. It’s not even a belief that everything will turn out OK. It’s an imaginative leap, which is what I’ve seen in people like John Lewis1 and Jane Goodall2. These are people who said: ‘I refuse to accept that the world has to be this way. I am going to throw my life and my pragmatism and my intelligence at this insistence that it could be different and put that into practice.’ That’s a muscular hope. So, to your question, I don’t always feel robustly hopeful. Depression is something I’ve struggled with. I’ve found the world an unbearable place for months at a time in the last two years. But at the same time I don’t feel like there’s a place in my work for my despair.”

* * *

“None of us are perfect, but all over the place in every community and field of endeavor, there are people who are working generatively with the challenges before us; meeting them, rising to their best human capacities — at least on their good days — and creating new possibilities and realities. They’re not publicized, they’re not investigated, but that landscape is as real and important as that landscape of everything we can point out as failing and corrupt and catastrophic.”

— from Marchese, D. (2022, July 5). Krista Tippett Wants You to See All the Hidden Signs of Hope. The New York Times.

1 From the politician and civil-rights icon’s 2013 “On Being” appearance: “I think sometimes people are afraid to say, ‘I love you.’ . . . Maybe people tend to think something is so emotional about it. Maybe it’s a sign of weakness. And we’re not supposed to cry. We’re supposed to be strong, but love is strong. Love is powerful.”

2 The primatologist appeared on “On Being” in 2020: “Bizarre, isn’t it, that the most intellectual creature, surely, that’s ever lived on the planet is destroying its only home. And I always believe it’s because there’s a disconnect between that clever, clever brain and human heart, love and compassion.”

Harold Searles on the pitfalls of being “the dedicated physician”

Andrea Mantegna, Christ as the Suffering Redeemer, ca. 1495-1500, Statens Museum for Kunst, Copenhagen.
Author: Richard Mortel. Licensed under CC BY 2.0.

“Unconsciously, the therapist is bent on maintaining the patient in an infantilized state, and is opposing that very individuation and maturation to which, at a conscious level, he is genuinely dedicated. I, for one, tend dedicatedly to remain immersed in a rescue-effort toward the ‘fragile’ patient, in order to avoid seeing him or her as being stronger, or potentially stronger, than myself.

“For example, one hebephrenic woman…would evidence, from time to time over the years of our work, remarkable forward surges in her ego-functioning, and unfailingly I would find that my rejoicing in this development was outweighed by an upsurge of my feeling inadequate. I had been feeling despair at how grievously ill she was; but now I would find her manifesting an appearance of blooming physical health that made me feel old and jaded, and I would be reminded, ruefully, too, that she was physically taller than I. In the same process, she would reveal a kind of effortless savoir faire, in matters both interpersonal and cultural, traceable to an upbringing far richer in social and cultural ‘advantages’ than my own.

“In short, I would feel her to be an all-around hopelessly larger person than myself. Then, as if quickly detecting that I still couldn’t take it, she would soon be, again, her deeply fragmented, ‘hopelessly ill’ hebephrenic self, and I was once more in my comfortable role of the long-suffering Christ trying to heal this wounded bird.”

* * *

“The more deeply one examines the psychodynamics of the dedicated-physician therapist who is unconsciously devoted to preserving the status quo, one finds that he holds, at an unconscious level, split images, one an idealized image and the other a diabolized image, of himself and of the patient as well, and that he is dedicated, unconsciously but tenaciously, to preserving these split images and preventing their coalescence, with the leaven of reality, into realistic images of himself and of the patient as two fellow human beings, each possessing both strengths and limitations on his strengths, each capable of hating and loving.

“I want to emphasize that it is no pernicious thing consciously to regard the patient as supremely important and meaningful to oneself. For us consciously so to relate to him can only enhance his self-esteem and help him to become whole. The pernicious thing is that we repress both our idealized image and our diabolized image of him, hide both from ourselves and at the same time act out both these toward him, by inappropriately employing, in psychotherapy and psychoanalysis, the traditional dedicated-physician-treating-his-patient approach that, however conventionally accepted in the practice of medicine generally, congeals and reinforces the wall between patient and doctor when we employ it in this field.”

— excerpted from Searles, H. F. (2017). The “dedicated physician” in the field of psychotherapy and psychoanalysis (1967/1979). In D. B. Stern & I. Hirsch (Eds.), The interpersonal perspective in psychoanalysis, 1960s–1990s (pp. 32–44). https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315471976-3